The Carcinogenic Potency Project

Aflatoxin B1 (CAS 1162-65-8)
SMILES, InChI and Structure are below.
Rats and Mice: Cancer Test Summary
Rat Target Sites Mouse Target Sites TD50 (mg/kg/day)
Male Female Male Female Rat Mouse
kid lgi liv lgi liv no positive no positive 0.0032m,P,v no positive

Monkeys: Cancer Test Summary
Monkey Target Sites TD50
(mg/kg/day)
Rhesus Cynomulgus Rhesus Cynomulgus
gal liv vsc gal liv vsc 0.0082 0.0201

Tree Shrews: Cancer Test Summary
Target Sites TD50
(mg/kg/day)
liv 0.0269

Key to the Table Above

Positivity: For each chemical with a positive (carcinogenic) experiment in the Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB), results are included on carcinogenic potency (TD50) in each species and target sites in males and females. Positivity is determined by an author’s opinion in a published paper. If all experimental results in the CDPB are negative in a sex-species group, “no positive” appears. If the CPDB has no experiments in the sex-species group, “no test” appears. The summary presents the strongest evidence of carcinogenicity in each group. If there are both positive and negative experiments in a sex-species, the negative results are ignored in this Summary Table.
Target Site Codes:   gal = gall bladder. kid = kidney. lgi = large intestine. liv = liver. vsc = vascular system. Target sites are listed if any author of published experimental results concluded that tumors were induced in that organ by the test agent. If there is more than one positive experiment in a sex-species, target sites listed may be from more than one experiment, e.g. if liver and lung are both listed, then liver may have been a target in one experiment and lung in another.
TD50: Our standardized measure of carcinogenic potency, TD50, is the daily dose rate in mg/kg body weight/day to induce tumors in half of test animals that would have remained tumor-free at zero dose. Whenever there is more than one positive experiment in a species, the reported TD50 value is a Harmonic Mean calculated using the TD50 value from the most potent target site in each positive experiment.
Superscripts:   m = There is more than one positive experiment in the species, and TD50 values from each positive experiment are used in the calculation of the reported Harmonic mean of TD50. P = 100% of dosed animals had tumors at a target site in an experiment in this species. v = Variation is greater than ten-fold among statistically significant (two-tailed p<0.1) TD50 values from different positive experiments.

The Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB) is a unique and widely used international resource of the results of 6540 chronic, long-term animal cancer tests on 1547 chemicals. The CPDB provides easy access to the bioassay literature, with qualitative and quantitative analyses of both positive and negative experiments that have been published over the past 50 years in the general literature through 2001 and by the National Cancer Institute/National Toxicology Program through 2004. The CPDB standardizes the diverse literature of cancer bioassays that vary widely in protocol, histopathological examination and nomenclature, and in the published author’s choices of what information to provide in their papers. Results are reported in the CPDB for tests in rats, mice, hamsters, dogs, and nonhuman primates.

For each experiment, information is included on species, strain, and sex of test animal; features of experimental protocol such as route of administration, duration of dosing, dose level(s) in mg/kg body weight/day, and duration of experiment; experimental results are provided on target organ, tumor type, and tumor incidence; carcinogenic potency (TD50) and its statistical significance; shape of the dose-response, author’s opinion as to carcinogenicity, and literature citation.

Only tests with dosing for at least ¼ the standard lifespan of the species and experiment length at least ½ the lifespan are included in the CPDB. Only routes of administration with whole body exposure are included. Doses are standardized, average dose rates in mg/kg/day. A description of methods used in the CPDB to standardize the diverse literature of animal cancer tests is presented for: 1) Criteria for inclusion of experiments 2) Standardization of average daily dose levels and 3) TD50 estimation for a standard lifespan. See Methods for other details.

TD50 provides a standardized quantitative measure that can be used for comparisons and analyses of many issues in carcinogenesis. The range of TD50 values across chemicals that are rodent carcinogens is more than 100 million-fold. More than half the chemicals tested are positive in at least one experiment.

A plot of all results on each experiment in the CPDB for this chemical is presented below. These results are the source information for the Cancer Test Summary table above.

Aflatoxin B1: All Experiments and Citations in CPDB

The definition of each code in the plot below will appear in a pop-up window when the field name in the header line is clicked, e.g., Strain, Site, Path. Each numbered line starts a new experiment and reports protocol information in black. Average daily dose-rates per kg body weight per day are in green. Remaining lines report experimental results in blue.

Abbreviations of fields in header line: # = the line number in the plot of all CPDB chemicals; Xpo = duration of dosing; Xpt = duration of experiment; Site = tissue; Path = tumor type; DR = dose-response; AuOp = author’s opinion about carcinogenicity; LoConf, UpConf = confidence limits (99%) on TD50; Inc = tumor incidence for each dose group.

See Guide to reading the plot for details on each field, using an example of one experiment.

See Help to improve readability, or to fit the plot onto the screen or a printed page.



Chemical (Synonym) CAS
# Species Sex Strain Route Xpo+Xpt PaperNum        0 Dose  1 Dose 2 Dose  3 Dose          Literature Reference or NCI/NTP:Site Path
Site Path Notes   TD50  DR Pval    AuOp LoConf UpConf   Cntrl   1 Inc  2 Inc   3 Inc                                                        Brkly Code



AFLATOXIN B1   1162-65-8
202  M f c5v ipj 52w92 1636                          0    9.69ug                                          Griciute;iarc,813-822;1980
 lmr tum        4.02ug   P<.007  -  1.62ug 67.6ug   3/11   12/15
 lun ben        75.3ug   P<.3    -  12.3ug n.s.s.   0/11    1/15
 liv tum        no dre   P=1.    -  23.4ug n.s.s.   0/11    0/15
 tba tum        4.49ug   P<.03   -  1.68ug n.s.s.   4/11   12/15
203  M m c5v ipj 52w92 1636                          0    8.07ug
 lun ben        .245mg   P<.9    -  11.3ug n.s.s.   1/20    1/15
 liv mal        no dre   P=1.    -  19.5ug n.s.s.   2/20    0/15
 liv ben        no dre   P=1.    -  19.5ug n.s.s.   2/20    0/15
 tba tum        no dre   P=1.    -  8.52ug n.s.s.  11/20    4/14
204  N b tst eat 40m40 1439                          0    99.7ug                                          Reddy;canr,36,151-160;1976
 liv hpc er     26.9ug   P<.0005 +  11.5ug 80.9ug   0/8     9/12
205  P b cym mix 17y17 2004 :                        0    56.0ug           Adamson;ossc,129-156;1982/Thorgeirsson 1994/Dalgard 1997/
                                                                                                      Thorgeirsson&Seiber pers.comm.
 MXB MXB jmw    9.25ug   P<.0005    3.25ug 27.7ug   0/45   10/13
 bil mix jmw    20.1ug   P<.0005 +  6.34ug 72.9ug   0/45    6/13
 gab adc jmw    40.8ug   P<.0005 +  12.9ug .215mg   0/39    4/12
 bon ost jmw    62.7ug   P<.008     12.0ug 3.21mg   0/47    2/14
 liv hes jmw    73.4ug   P<.003  +  21.4ug .613mg   0/34    3/10
 k/p tcc jmw    44.6ug   P<.05      7.26ug n.s.s.   0/14    1/2
 liv clc jmw    44.6ug   P<.05   +  7.26ug n.s.s.   0/14    1/2
 liv hpc jmw    44.6ug   P<.05   +  7.26ug n.s.s.   0/14    1/2
 pel fbs jmw    .104mg   P<.05      16.9ug n.s.s.   0/26    1/4
 pnd adc jmw    .342mg   P<.09      55.7ug n.s.s.   0/39    1/12
 bil scc jmw    .371mg   P<.09   +  60.5ug n.s.s.   0/45    1/13
 tba mal Wjmw   8.36ug   P<.0005    3.26ug 24.3ug   1/47   12/14
206  P b rhe mix 15y15 2004 :                        0    45.0ug
 MXB MXB jmw    5.94ug   P<.0005    1.71ug 20.0ug   1/85   10/14
 liv clc jmw    8.20ug   P<.0005 +  1.52ug .186mg   0/44    2/4
 bil mix jmw    11.5ug   P<.0005 +  2.11ug 72.1ug   1/74    5/11
 gab adc jmw    14.7ug   P<.0005 +  2.25ug .131mg   1/74    4/11
 liv hes jmw    16.3ug   P<.0005 +  4.10ug .140mg   0/84    3/13
 pnd adc jmw    23.3ug   P<.0005    6.39ug .172mg   0/54    3/9
 liv hpc jmw    .104mg   P<.005  +  25.2ug 1.97mg   0/85    2/14
 bon ost jmw    .159mg   P<.05      25.9ug n.s.s.   0/54    1/9
 tba mal Wjmw   6.77ug   P<.0005    2.06ug 22.3ug   2/85   10/14
207  R m buf eat 35w65 1071                          0    21.5ug                                   Angsubhakorn;bjca,43,881-883;1981
 liv hpc ekr    noTD50   P<.004  +  n.s.s. 6.75ug   0/8     6/6
 liv mix ekr    noTD50   P<.004  +  n.s.s. 6.75ug   0/8     6/6
 liv nnd ekr    noTD50   P<.004  +  n.s.s. 6.75ug   0/8     6/6
208  R m buf eat 26w52 1664                          0    20.0ug                                   Angsubhakorn;ijcn,28,621-626;1981
 liv hpc ekr    5.73ug   P<.002  +  2.66ug 18.7ug   0/14    9/20
 liv nnd ekr    7.95ug   P<.004  +  3.40ug 47.3ug   0/14    7/20
209  R m cdr eat 24m24 1454                          0    4.00ug                                       Newberne;jnci,50,439-448;1973
 liv mix r      4.19ug   P<.0005 +  2.55ug 7.52ug   0/50   24/50
210  R f f34 eat 75w75 17                            0    .100mg                                           Ward;jnci,55,107-110;1975
 col mix e      .148mg   P<.05   +  44.5ug n.s.s.   0/12    3/14
211  R f f34 eat 24m24 1824                          0    250.ng  750.ng  2.25ug                       Elashoff;jnci,79,509-526;1987
 liv hpc er     52.7ug * P<.06   -  8.58ug n.s.s.   0/144   0/24    0/24    1/24
212  R m f34 eat 75w75 17                            0    80.0ug                                           Ward;jnci,55,107-110;1975
 col mix e      55.8ug   P<.06   +  13.3ug n.s.s.   0/6     2/5
213  R m f34 eat 12m24 1083                          0    1.00ug                                        Nixon;jnci,66,1159-1163;1981
 liv hpc        1.34ug   P<.0005 +  600.ng 4.24ug   0/20    8/20
 kid adc        13.4ug   P<.3       2.17ug n.s.s.   0/20    1/20
214  R m f34 eat 24m24 1824                          0    200.ng  600.ng  1.80ug                       Elashoff;jnci,79,509-526;1987
 liv hpc er     49.9ug * P<.3    -  6.83ug n.s.s.   1/144   0/23    0/24    1/23
215  R f fis eat 24m24 1041                          0    1.00ug                                          Nixon;jnci,53,453-458;1974
 liv hpt e      9.93ug   P<.3    +  1.62ug n.s.s.   0/15    1/15
216  R m fis eat 22m24 18                            0    40.0ng  200.ng  600.ng  2.00ug  4.00ug          Wogan;fctx,12,681-685;1974
 liv hpc ae     932.ng * P<.0005 +  614.ng 1.49ug   0/18    2/22    1/22    4/21   20/25   28/28
217  R m fis eat 24m24 1041                          0    800.ng                                          Nixon;jnci,53,453-458;1974
 liv hpt e      1.13ug   P<.003  +  422.ng 6.52ug   0/16    5/13
218  R f por eat 24m24 13                            0    5.00ug  25.0ug                                  Butler;fctx,6,135-141;1968
 liv hpc e      12.5ug * P<.0005 +  7.83ug 21.2ug   0/34    5/30   26/33
219  R m por eat 24m24 13                            0    4.00ug  20.0ug
 liv hpc e      3.52ug * P<.0005 +  2.11ug 6.01ug   0/46   17/34   25/25
220  R b sda eat 95w95 1070                          0    279.ng                                           Fong;fctx,19,179-183;1981
 liv sar e      12.0ug   P<.3       1.96ug n.s.s.   0/90    1/76
 tba mal eh     3.96ug   P<.03   +  1.20ug n.s.s.   0/90    3/76
221  R m wag eat 69w69 1075                          0    10.0ug                                         Burtin;bjca,43,684-688;1981
 liv hpt er     noTD50   P<.0005 +  n.s.s. 2.13ug   0/10   12/12
222  R f wio eat 24m24 1041                          0    1.00ug  5.00ug                                  Nixon;jnci,53,453-458;1974
 liv hpt e      7.49ug * P<.0005 +  3.36ug 22.1ug   0/18    0/19    8/18
223  R m wio eat 24m24 1041                          0    800.ng  4.00ug
 liv hpt e      6.76ug * P<.0005 +  2.89ug 21.9ug   0/17    0/20    7/17
224  R m wis eat 55w55 15                            0    40.0ug  80.0ug  .120mg                       Merkow;canr,33,1608-1614;1973
 kid car er     36.6ug * P<.006  +  18.7ug .392mg   0/9     3/12    3/12    6/12
Mutagenicity in Salmonella: positive
SMILES Code for Aflatoxin B1: C12=C3C(C4=C(C(O3)=O)C(=O)CC4)=C(C=C1OC5C2C=CO5)OC
InChI Code for Aflatoxin B1: InChI=1/C17H12O6/c1-20-10-6-11-14(8-4-5-21-17(8)22-11)15-13(10)7-2-3-9(18)12(7)16(19)23-15/h4-6,8,17H,2-3H2,1H3
Source for SMILES and InChI: USEPA Distributed Structure-Searchable Toxicity (DSSTox) Database
Chemical Structure for Aflatoxin B1: Chemical Structure
Source for structure: National Library of Medicine ChemIDPlus

See full CPDB Summary Table on 1547 chemicals. See Full CPDB for all results on 6540 experiments of 1547 chemicals.

A complete list of CPDB chemicals, which is searchable by name or by CAS number, is available here.

For a compendium of CPDB results organized by target organ, which lists all chemicals in each species that induced tumors in each of 35 organs, see Summary Table by Target Organ.

The CPDB is available in several formats that permit printing and downloading into spreadsheets and statistical databases.

  1. A plot of the CPDB presents results of 1547 experiments on 6540 chemicals in an easily readable format that has been used in publications of the CPDB.
  2. A Screen version plot for use on a single computer screen, with the same data.
  3. Excel version of the same data.
  4. Tab-separated versions of the same data, which can be easily read into databases.

A Supplementary Dataset gives details on dosing and survival for each experiment.

Relatively precise estimates of the lower confidence limit on the TD10 (LTD10) are readily calculated from the TD50 and its lower confidence limit, which are reported in the CPDB. For researchers and regulatory agencies interested in LTD10 values, we provide them in an Excel spreadsheet.

PDF versions of our publications of analyses using the CPDB are available, organized by year and by research topic.

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Last updated: October 3, 2007