Trichloroethylene: Carcinogenic Potency Database

Trichloroethylene (CAS 79-01-6)
SMILES, InChI and Structure are below.
Rats and Mice: Cancer Test Summary

Rat Target Sites		Mouse Target Sites		TD₅₀ (mg/kg/day)
Male	Female	Male	Female	Rat	Mouse
tes	no positive	liv lun	liv lun	668^m	1580^m,v

Hamsters: Cancer Test Summary

Hamster Target Sites		TD₅₀ (mg/kg/day)
Male	Female	TD₅₀ (mg/kg/day)
no positive	no positive	no positive

Key to the Table Above

Positivity: For each chemical with a positive (carcinogenic) experiment in the Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB), results are included on carcinogenic potency (TD₅₀) in each species and target sites in males and females. Positivity is determined by an author’s opinion in a published paper. If all experimental results in the CDPB are negative in a sex-species group, “no positive” appears. If the CPDB has no experiments in the sex-species group, “no test” appears. The summary presents the strongest evidence of carcinogenicity in each group. If there are both positive and negative experiments in a sex-species, the negative results are ignored in this Summary Table.

Target Site Codes: liv = liver. lun = lung. tes = testes. Target sites are listed if any author of published experimental results concluded that tumors were induced in that organ by the test agent. If there is more than one positive experiment in a sex-species, target sites listed may be from more than one experiment, e.g. if liver and lung are both listed, then liver may have been a target in one experiment and lung in another.

TD₅₀: Our standardized measure of carcinogenic potency, TD₅₀, is the daily dose rate in mg/kg body weight/day to induce tumors in half of test animals that would have remained tumor-free at zero dose. Whenever there is more than one positive experiment in a species, the reported TD₅₀ value is a Harmonic Mean calculated using the TD₅₀ value from the most potent target site in each positive experiment.

Superscripts: m = There is more than one positive experiment in the species, and TD₅₀ values from each positive experiment are used in the calculation of the reported Harmonic mean of TD₅₀. v = Variation is greater than ten-fold among statistically significant (two-tailed p<0.1) TD₅₀ values from different positive experiments.

The Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB) is a unique and widely used international resource of the results of 6540 chronic, long-term animal cancer tests on 1547 chemicals. The CPDB provides easy access to the bioassay literature, with qualitative and quantitative analyses of both positive and negative experiments that have been published over the past 50 years in the general literature through 2001 and by the National Cancer Institute/National Toxicology Program through 2004. The CPDB standardizes the diverse literature of cancer bioassays that vary widely in protocol, histopathological examination and nomenclature, and in the published author’s choices of what information to provide in their papers. Results are reported in the CPDB for tests in rats, mice, hamsters, dogs, and nonhuman primates.

For each experiment, information is included on species, strain, and sex of test animal; features of experimental protocol such as route of administration, duration of dosing, dose level(s) in mg/kg body weight/day, and duration of experiment; experimental results are provided on target organ, tumor type, and tumor incidence; carcinogenic potency (TD₅₀) and its statistical significance; shape of the dose-response, author’s opinion as to carcinogenicity, and literature citation.

Only tests with dosing for at least ¼ the standard lifespan of the species and experiment length at least ½ the lifespan are included in the CPDB. Only routes of administration with whole body exposure are included. Doses are standardized, average dose rates in mg/kg/day. A description of methods used in the CPDB to standardize the diverse literature of animal cancer tests is presented for: 1) Criteria for inclusion of experiments 2) Standardization of average daily dose levels and 3) TD₅₀ estimation for a standard lifespan. See Methods for other details.

TD₅₀ provides a standardized quantitative measure that can be used for comparisons and analyses of many issues in carcinogenesis. The range of TD₅₀ values across chemicals that are rodent carcinogens is more than 100 million-fold. More than half the chemicals tested are positive in at least one experiment.

A plot of all results on each experiment in the CPDB for this chemical is presented below. These results are the source information for the Cancer Test Summary table above.

Trichloroethylene: All Experiments and Citations in CPDB

The definition of each code in the plot below will appear in a pop-up window when the field name in the header line is clicked, e.g., Strain, Site, Path. Each numbered line starts a new experiment and reports protocol information in black. Average daily dose-rates per kg body weight per day are in green. Remaining lines report experimental results in blue.

Abbreviations of fields in header line: # = the line number in the plot of all CPDB chemicals; Xpo = duration of dosing; Xpt = duration of experiment; Site = tissue; Path = tumor type; DR = dose-response; AuOp = author’s opinion about carcinogenicity; LoConf, UpConf = confidence limits (99%) on TD₅₀; Inc = tumor incidence for each dose group.

See Guide to reading the plot for details on each field, using an example of one experiment.

See Help to improve readability, or to fit the plot onto the screen or a printed page.



Chemical (Synonym) CAS
# Species Sex Strain Route Xpo+Xpt PaperNum        0 Dose  1 Dose 2 Dose  3 Dose          Literature Reference or NCI/NTP:Site Path
Site Path Notes   TD50  DR Pval    AuOp LoConf UpConf   Cntrl   1 Inc  2 Inc   3 Inc                                                        Brkly Code



TRICHLOROETHYLENE  (TCE) 79-01-6
6217 H f syg inh 18m30 1010m                         0    46.1mg  230.mg                   Henschler;artx,43,237-248;1980/pers.comm.
 liv mix ej     no dre   P=1.    -  2.14gm n.s.s.   1/30    1/29    0/30
 tba mal ej     9.22gm * P<.8    -  821.mg n.s.s.   2/30    3/29    3/30
 tba ben ej     no dre   P=1.    -  2.14gm n.s.s.   1/30    1/29    0/30
6218 H m syg inh 18m30 1010m                         0    40.5mg  203.mg
 liv mix ej     no dre   P=1.    -  326.mg n.s.s.   1/30    0/30    0/30
 tba mal ej     no dre   P=1.    -  863.mg n.s.s.   6/30    2/30    4/30
 tba ben ej     5.64gm * P<.4    -  999.mg n.s.s.   1/30    0/30    2/30
6219 M f b6c gav 78w90 TR2 :                         0    538.mg  1.08gm
 liv hpc sv     1.93gm * P<.004  c  1.06gm 9.81gm   0/20    4/50   11/50
 TBA MXB sv     1.85gm * P<.2       716.mg n.s.s.   4/20   14/50   19/50
 liv MXB sv     1.93gm * P<.004     1.06gm 9.81gm   0/20    4/50   11/50                                          liv:hpa,hpc,nnd.
 lun MXB sv     4.35gm * P<.2       1.55gm n.s.s.   1/20    4/50    7/50                                              lun:a/a,a/c.
6220 M f b6c inh 18m36 BT306m                        0    99.8mg  299.mg  599.mg                           Maltoni;aric,5,1-393;1986
 lun tum e      6.32gm * P<.002  +  3.33gm 28.9gm   2/90    6/90    7/89   14/87
 liv hpt e      13.6gm * P<.06   +  5.28gm n.s.s.   3/88    4/89    4/88    9/85
 thy car e      131.gm * P<.2       21.4gm n.s.s.   0/90    0/90    0/89    1/87
 thy ade e      2.23kg   P<1.       17.3gm n.s.s.   1/90    1/90    1/89    1/87
 tba mix e      1.32gm * P<.002     700.mg 6.89gm  51/90   58/90   60/89   69/87
 tba mal e      2.08gm * P<.02      986.mg n.s.s.  42/90   52/90   53/89   58/87
6221 M m b6c gav 78w90 TR2 :                         0    724.mg  1.45gm
 liv hpc sv     421.mg * P<.0005 c  277.mg 1.13gm   1/20   26/50   30/50
 TBA MXB sv     553.mg * P<.01      288.mg 28.9gm   5/20   30/50   33/50
 liv MXB sv     421.mg * P<.0005    277.mg 1.13gm   1/20   26/50   30/50                                          liv:hpa,hpc,nnd.
 lun MXB sv     7.16gm * P<.7       1.79gm n.s.s.   0/20    5/50    2/50                                              lun:a/a,a/c.
6222 M m b6c inh 18m36 BT306m                        0    83.2mg  250.mg  499.mg                           Maltoni;aric,5,1-393;1986
 liv hpt es     5.03gm * P<.006  +  2.22gm 59.8gm   1/59    1/31    3/38    6/37
 lun tum es     no dre   P=1.       12.3gm n.s.s.   1/85    2/86    2/88    1/88
 thy ade es     no dre   P=1.       2.17gm n.s.s.   0/85    0/86    0/88    0/88
 tba mal es     no dre   P=1.       8.59gm n.s.s.   9/85    3/86    3/88    7/88
 tba mix es     no dre   P=1.       7.93gm n.s.s.  11/85    4/86    5/88    8/88
6223 M m b6c inh 18m31 BT306n                        0    94.9mg  285.mg  569.mg
 liv hpt e      4.53gm * P<.3    +  1.34gm n.s.s.  17/77   19/47   27/67   21/63
 liv ang e      77.0gm * P<.8       6.47gm n.s.s.   1/77    1/47    3/67    1/63
 lun tum e      no dre   P=1.       7.94gm n.s.s.  12/90    6/89    7/90    7/90
 tba mal e      no dre   P=1.       3.14gm n.s.s.  40/90   27/89   34/90   31/90
 tba mix e      no dre   P=1.       994.mg n.s.s.  51/90   30/89   46/90  (36/90)
6224 M f hic gav 88w88 1011                          0    2.86mg                                   Van Duuren;jnci,63,1433-1439;1979
 for tum r      41.3mg   P<.3    -  6.73mg n.s.s.   0/30    1/30
6225 M m hic gav 88w88 1011                          0    2.38mg
 for tum r      16.9mg   P<.1    -  4.16mg n.s.s.   0/30    2/30
6226 M f icm inh 24m25 1626                          0    95.8mg  287.mg  862.mg                         Fukuda;indh,21,243-254;1983
 lun mix e      3.37gm * P<.07      1.26gm n.s.s.   6/49    5/50   13/50   11/46
 lun adc e      3.38gm * P<.02   +  1.46gm n.s.s.   1/49    3/50    8/50    7/46
 liv ade e      42.3gm * P<.2       6.90gm n.s.s.   0/49    0/50    0/50    1/46
 tba mix e      1.90gm * P<.08      704.mg n.s.s.  18/49   18/50   27/50   24/46
6227 M f nmh inh 18m30 1010m                         0    102.mg  509.mg                   Henschler;artx,43,237-248;1980/pers.comm.
 --- mly ej     846.mg * P<.03      339.mg n.s.s.   9/29   17/30   18/28
 liv mix ej     no dre   P=1.    -  809.mg n.s.s.   0/29    0/30    0/28
 lun a/a ej     no dre   P=1.    -  3.80gm n.s.s.   3/29    0/30    1/28
 lun a/c ej     no dre   P=1.    -  3.63gm n.s.s.   1/29    3/30    0/28
 tba mal ej     573.mg * P<.03   -  230.mg n.s.s.  13/29   22/30   22/28
 tba ben ej     no dre   P=1.    -  2.03gm n.s.s.   6/29    1/30    4/28
6228 M m nmh inh 18m30 1010m                         0    84.8mg  424.mg
 liv bhp ej     no dre   P=1.    -  663.mg n.s.s.   1/30    0/29    0/30
 liv hpc ej     no dre   P=1.    -  663.mg n.s.s.   1/30    0/29    0/30
 --- mly ej     no dre   P=1.    -  1.33gm n.s.s.   7/30    7/29    6/30
 lun a/a ej     no dre   P=1.    -  2.25gm n.s.s.   1/30    3/29    1/30
 lun mal ej     no dre   P=1.    -  3.19gm n.s.s.   5/30    3/29    1/30
 liv hpa ej     no dre   P=1.    -  3.49gm n.s.s.   1/30    2/29    0/30
 tba mal ej     no dre   P=1.    -  1.12gm n.s.s.  11/30   10/29    9/30
 tba ben ej     no dre   P=1.    -  2.37gm n.s.s.   8/30    6/29    3/30
6229 M f swi inh 18m34 BT305                         0    106.mg  318.mg  636.mg                           Maltoni;aric,5,1-393;1986
 lun tum e      35.4gm * P<.7       4.57gm n.s.s.  15/88   12/89   12/88   16/88
 liv hpt e      121.gm * P<.2       19.8gm n.s.s.   0/84    0/89    0/86    1/86
 tba mix e      9.19gm * P<.6       1.70gm n.s.s.  54/90   43/89   46/90   54/89
 tba mal e      9.84gm * P<.5       2.32gm n.s.s.  36/90   27/89   30/90   38/89
6230 M m swi inh 18m34 BT305                         0    88.4mg  265.mg  530.mg
 liv hpt e      3.91gm * P<.003  +  1.98gm 22.7gm   4/66    2/53    8/59   13/61
 lun tum e      10.1gm * P<.3    +  3.02gm n.s.s.  10/78    5/73   12/78   12/74
 tba mal e      6.32gm * P<.08      2.45gm n.s.s.  10/88   13/89   15/89   19/90
 tba mix e      8.07gm * P<.3       2.23gm n.s.s.  23/88   17/89   27/89   26/90
6231 R f osm gav 18m26 TR2 :                         0    242.mg  484.mg
 TBA MXB dsv    5.62gm * P<.9    -  302.mg n.s.s.   7/20   12/50   12/50
 kid uac dsv    no dre   P=1.       n.s.s. n.s.s.   0/20    0/50    0/50
 kid tla dsv    no dre   P=1.       n.s.s. n.s.s.   0/20    0/50    0/50
 liv MXB dsv    no dre   P=1.       n.s.s. n.s.s.   0/20    0/50    0/50                                          liv:hpa,hpc,nnd.
6232 R m osm gav 18m26 TR2 :                         0    242.mg  484.mg
 kid uac dsv    7.22gm * P<.9       1.18gm n.s.s.   0/20    1/50    0/50
 TBA MXB dsv    16.0gm * P<1.       305.mg n.s.s.   5/20    7/50    5/50
 liv MXB dsv    no dre   P=1.       n.s.s. n.s.s.   0/20    0/50    0/50                                          liv:hpa,hpc,nnd.
6233 R f cdr inh 24m25 1626                          0    22.8mg  68.4mg  205.mg                         Fukuda;indh,21,243-254;1983
 mgl fba e      982.mg * P<.2       320.mg n.s.s.   6/50   12/50   10/47   14/51
 kid uac e      10.7gm * P<.2       1.74gm n.s.s.   0/50    0/50    0/47    1/51
 liv mix e      12.3gm * P<.6       1.40gm n.s.s.   0/50    1/50    0/47    1/51
 tba mix e      no dre   P=1.       288.mg n.s.s.  32/50   39/50   31/47   32/51
6234 R f sda gav 12m33 BT301                         0    11.9mg  59.7mg                                   Maltoni;aric,5,1-393;1986
 mgl mix e      no dre   P=1.       98.3mg n.s.s.  16/30   22/30   16/29
 kid mix e      no dre   P=1.       106.mg n.s.s.   0/30    0/29    0/26
 --- leu e      no dre   P=1.       109.mg n.s.s.   1/30    0/30    0/26
 liv mix e      no dre   P=1.       111.mg n.s.s.   0/30    0/30    0/29
 tba mix e      no dre   P=1.       98.1mg n.s.s.  18/30   23/30   17/29
 tba mal e      no dre   P=1.       297.mg n.s.s.   7/30    4/30    4/29
6235 R f sda inh 24m37 BT304m                        0    30.7mg  92.1mg  184.mg
 liv ang e      8.01gm * P<.3       1.30gm n.s.s.   0/17    0/4     0/26    1/14
 kid mix e      41.3gm * P<.6       5.46gm n.s.s.   0/101   1/89    0/88    1/88
 kid uac e      43.2gm * P<.2       7.03gm n.s.s.   0/101   0/89    0/88    1/88
 --- leu e      no dre   P=1.       3.56gm n.s.s.   7/105   6/90    0/90    7/90
 liv hpt e      no dre   P=1.       6.53gm n.s.s.   0/81    1/63    0/63    0/70
 tba mix e      3.89gm * P<.8       406.mg n.s.s.  84/105  60/90   72/90   69/90
 tba mal e      6.23gm Z P<.6       1.10gm n.s.s.  38/105  17/90   21/90   32/90
6236 R f sda inh 24m37 BT304n                        0    30.7mg  92.1mg  184.mg
 --- leu e      2.85gm * P<.09      1.01gm n.s.s.   0/40    3/40    2/40    4/40
 liv nnd e      9.68gm * P<.07      2.38gm n.s.s.   0/40    0/40    0/40    2/40
 kid tum e      no dre   P=1.       384.mg n.s.s.   0/38    0/39    0/39    0/39
 liv hpt e      no dre   P=1.       269.mg n.s.s.   0/28    0/26    0/31    0/29
 tba mal e      1.62gm * P<.2       532.mg n.s.s.   9/40   12/40    8/40   16/40
 tba mix e      no dre   P=1.       312.mg n.s.s.  35/40   28/40   26/40   33/40
6237 R m sda gav 12m33 BT301                         0    11.9mg  59.7mg
 --- leu e      428.mg * P<.08      162.mg n.s.s.   0/25    2/28    3/25
 kid mix e      no dre   P=1.       87.1mg n.s.s.   0/22    0/24    0/21
 liv mix e      no dre   P=1.       108.mg n.s.s.   0/28    0/29    0/30
 mgl mix e      no dre   P=1.       363.mg n.s.s.   1/28    4/29    1/30
 tba mal e      818.mg * P<.4       177.mg n.s.s.   1/28    4/29    4/30
 tba mix e      no dre   P=1.       191.mg n.s.s.   7/28    8/29    7/30
6238 R m sda inh 24m37 BT304m                        0    21.5mg  64.5mg  129.mg
 tes ldc e      557.mg * P<.0005 +  336.mg 1.44gm   5/81   11/73   24/71   22/76
 kid uac e      9.49gm * P<.03      2.87gm n.s.s.   0/87    0/86    0/80    3/85
 --- leu e      5.93gm * P<.5       1.17gm n.s.s.   6/95   10/90   11/90    9/89
 kid tla e      29.2gm * P<.6       3.65gm n.s.s.   0/87    1/86    0/80    1/85
 liv nnd e      30.7gm * P<.2       4.99gm n.s.s.   0/95    0/90    0/90    1/89
 liv ang e      no dre   P=1.       40.5mg n.s.s.   1/22    0/5     0/9     0/9
 liv hpt e      no dre   P=1.       4.36gm n.s.s.   1/71    0/62    1/63    0/62
 tba mix e      1.88gm * P<.6       329.mg n.s.s.  69/95   54/90   55/90   65/89
 tba mal e      10.8gm * P<.9       789.mg n.s.s.  31/95   25/90   26/90   29/89
6239 R m sda inh 24m37 BT304n                        0    21.5mg  64.5mg  129.mg
 mgl tum e      120.mg Z P<.0005    56.2mg 348.mg   0/36    9/36   (7/39   10/39)
 tes ldc e      835.mg * P<.02   +  375.mg n.s.s.   1/33    5/32    6/36    9/37
 --- leu e      2.81gm * P<.3       755.mg n.s.s.   3/39    3/40    3/40    6/40
 kid uac e      12.4gm * P<.2       2.01gm n.s.s.   0/33    0/32    0/36    1/37
 liv hpt e      no dre   P=1.       2.59gm n.s.s.   1/28    1/23    0/27    0/32
 tba mix e      428.mg * P<.2       154.mg n.s.s.  21/39   26/40   27/40   29/40
 tba mal e      1.94gm * P<.4       466.mg n.s.s.   8/39   11/40    7/40   13/40
6240 R f wsh inh 18m36 1010m                         0    20.1mg  101.mg                   Henschler;artx,43,237-248;1980/pers.comm.
 kid tla ej     5.50gm * P<.2    -  896.mg n.s.s.   0/28    0/30    1/30
 liv hpa ej     no dre   P=1.    -  1.06gm n.s.s.   0/28    1/30    0/30
 tba ben ej     2.12gm * P<.4    -  448.mg n.s.s.   2/28    2/30    4/30
 tba mal ej     no dre   P=1.    -  277.mg n.s.s.  16/28   12/30   14/30
6241 R m wsh inh 18m36 1010m                         0    14.1mg  70.4mg
 kid uac ej     3.85gm * P<.2    -  627.mg n.s.s.   0/29    0/30    1/30
 kid tla ej     10.7gm * P<.9    -  502.mg n.s.s.   2/29    1/30    2/30
 liv hpa ej     no dre   P=1.    -  738.mg n.s.s.   0/29    1/30    0/30
 tba mal ej     351.mg * P<.03   -  141.mg n.s.s.   4/29    5/30   11/30
 tba ben ej     no dre   P=1.    -  385.mg n.s.s.   7/29    2/30    5/30

Mutagenicity in Salmonella: negative
SMILES Code for Trichloroethylene: ClC(=CCl)Cl
InChI Code for Trichloroethylene: InChI=1/C2HCl3/c3-1-2(4)5/h1H
Source for SMILES and InChI: USEPA Distributed Structure-Searchable Toxicity (DSSTox) Database

Chemical Structure for Trichloroethylene:

Source for structure: National Library of Medicine ChemIDPlus

See full CPDB Summary Table on 1547 chemicals. See Full CPDB for all results on 6540 experiments of 1547 chemicals.

A complete list of CPDB chemicals, which is searchable by name or by CAS number, is available here.

For a compendium of CPDB results organized by target organ, which lists all chemicals in each species that induced tumors in each of 35 organs, see Summary Table by Target Organ.

The CPDB is available in several formats that permit printing and downloading into spreadsheets and statistical databases.

A plot of the CPDB presents results of 1547 experiments on 6540 chemicals in an easily readable format that has been used in publications of the CPDB.
A Screen version plot for use on a single computer screen, with the same data.
Excel version of the same data.
Tab-separated versions of the same data, which can be easily read into databases.

A Supplementary Dataset gives details on dosing and survival for each experiment.

Relatively precise estimates of the lower confidence limit on the TD₁₀ (LTD₁₀) are readily calculated from the TD₅₀ and its lower confidence limit, which are reported in the CPDB. For researchers and regulatory agencies interested in LTD₁₀ values, we provide them in an Excel spreadsheet.

PDF versions of our publications of analyses using the CPDB are available, organized by year and by research topic.

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Last updated: October 3, 2007